1	The Byzantine Empire: Marks the division of the Roman Empire…Rome West-Rome. Rome East-Constantinople the center/seat of the Byzantine Empire. Did you know: Eastern Half will live after the final fall of Rome West for another 1000 years!
2	The Age of Diocletian 284 AD the formal split from Rome will occur…we know the problems that were ongoing in the Roman empire. This was only one reason Rome identified with its eastern sister city. Others?
3	Split city Location: perfect located between the Aegean and Black Seas in what is now Turkey…Perfect location for…? Cultural Melting pot: east and west Wasn’t Rome! Lacked the problems of Rome West…so the transfer made sense.
4	Byzantines or Romaioi Forged their own identity: Politically, Economically, Socially, Religiously,
5	Byzantium: Originally a Greek fishing colony established in 660 BC… Gradually grew in prosperity due to its location and fertile trade routes. Their Greek influence will be evident in that they will combine some Greek features with some Roman:
6	Byzantine: Blend Roman Religious Roots Empirical Practicality Warfare City Building and Planning Greek Language Philosophy (not nearly as great) Religion: Eastern Orthodoxy will be the synthesis of Greek Christians who separated from Rome
7	Founding of Byzantium Trace to the split by Diocletian in 284 AD Split actually occurred in 330 AD with a split in the capital from Rome to Constantinople. The new city was based on 2 principles…
8	Byzantium Characteristics Principle 1: Religion: it was an amazing religious center that was to be based on the Byzantine tradition of splendor in architecture and faith. Principle 2: Tough! In 1100 years it was sieged almost relentlessly yet fell only 2 times…due in large part to the militaristic design of its cities inside the triple walls of Theodsius
9	The Reign of Justinian: the Zenith Dreamed of recapturing the glory of old Rome…recapturing lost land Map Gallery Head of Church as well as Government Wife: empress Theodora-The real authority? Justinian Code-recapture Roman Law…recapture Rome?
10	Geographic Holdings
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12	Belisarius
13	The Blind Beggar
14	Justinians Achievements: Recapture Roman Lands Architecture Hagia Sophia Bridges Law
15	Byzantine Religion East and West Growing Apart? 381 AD refusal to accept the Papacy Had always developed different traditions etc… Byzantines looked to their emperor as head of EASTERN ORTHODOXY-Patriarch Byzantines, not Romans coveted their faith and this was the worlds first religious state. Differed with Rome on the use of Icons…Byzantines were against Icons
16	Hagia Sophia
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18	Characteristics of Byzantine Religion? Monophytisim: Christ figure was not human but was divine living amongst us…different than Rome who advocated the dual role. Icons: Romans used Icons to support their faith, an act deemed by Byzantium to be heresy Many ways closer to Islam
19	Byzantine Golden Age 641-1025 AD: Justinian began Advances in Military and Religious influence the key. Major developments in Art and Architecture Emperor Leo: using GREEK FIRE twice turned back the Muslim Invaders Will eventually bring about the Crusades
20	Growth and Decline of Byzantium in Maps 476
21	"565" 565
22	"650" 650
23	"750" 750
24	"770" 770
25	"920" 920
26	"1045" 1045
27	"1214" 1214
28	"1280" 1280
29	"1400" 1400
30	Decline of Byzantium Began roughly 11^th century Reasons? Taxation Trade from Venice: competition Too much expansion Religious controversies with Rome and within Turks invasions (1453) Norman Invasions Crusades Black Death